RUSH at Anchor. Circa Early 1950s. Courtesy of Joseph Koye (1930-1984)
RUSH at Anchor. Circa Early 1950s. Courtesy of Joseph Koye (1930-1984)
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In the town of Beaumont, Texas, a 100-foot drilling derrick named Spindletop produced a roaring gusher of black crude oil. The oil strike took place at 10:30 a.m. on January 10, 1901, coating the landscape for hundreds of feet around in sticky oil.
Along with fighting in the American Revolution and scribing a number of the Federalist Papers, today's birthday celebrant, Alexander Hamilton, was instrumental in shaping America's early fiscal course. In 1789, President George Washington installed Hamilton, born January 11, 1751, as the first Secretary of the Treasury.
The controversial comedy All in the Family debuted on January 12, 1971. The show, which was one of TV's top hits for much of its 21-year run, starred Carroll O'Connor as ultra-conservative Archie Bunker; Jean Stapleton as his wife, Edith; and Sally Struthers and Rob Reiner as the couple's liberal daughter and son-in-law.
Nearly 50 years after the famous gunfight at the O.K. Corral, Wyatt Earp died quietly in Los Angeles at the age of 80 on January 13, 1929. The Earp brothers had long been competing with the Clanton-McClaury ranching families for political and economic control of the Tombstone, Arizona region. On October 26, 1881, simmering tensions finally boiled over into violence, and Wyatt, his brothers Virgil and Morgan, and his close friend, Doc Holliday, killed three men from the Clanton and McLaury clans in a 30-second shoot-out near the O.K. Corral.
On January 14, 1784, at the Maryland State House in Annapolis, the Continental Congress ratified the Treaty of Paris. The document, negotiated in part by future President John Adams, contained terms for ending the Revolutionary War and established the United States as a sovereign nation. The treaty outlined America's fishing rights off the coast of Canada, defined territorial boundaries in North America formerly held by the British and forced an end to reprisals against British loyalists.
On January 15, 1967, the PACKERS faced the CHIEFS in the very first SUPER BOWL. At the Los Angeles Coliseum the Green Bay Packers beat the Kansass City Chiefs 35-10 in the first-ever world championship of American football.
Prohibition took effect on January 16, 1919. The 18th Ammendment to the Constitution, prohibiting the "manufacture, sale or transportation of intoxicating liquors for beverage purposes" achieved the necessary two-thirds majority of state ratification, and thus became the law of the land. The 21st Ammendment to the Constitution, was passed and ratified in 1933, repealing prohibition.
In his farewell address to the nation on January 17, 1961, President Dwight D. Eisenhower warned the American people to keep a careful eye on what he called the "military-industrial complex" that had developed in the post-World War II years. A fiscal conservative, Eisenhower had been concerned about the growing size and cost of the American defense establishment since he became president in 1953. In his last presidential address to the American people, he expressed those concerns in terms that frankly shocked some of his listeners.
On January 18, 1803, Thomas Jefferson requested funding from Congress to finance the Lewis and Clark expedition. Jefferson officially asked for $2,500 in funding from Congress, though some sources indicate the expedition ultimately cost closer to $50,000. Lewis was joined by his friend William Clark and 50 others on the journey, including an African-American slave and a female Indian guide named Sacagawea.
The Three Stooges film You Natzy Spy was released on January 19, 1940. Anticipating Charlie Chaplin's The Great Dictator by nine months, Moe (Moses Howard) played a Hitler-like dictator of a fictional country, "Moronica." The Three Stooges began as a vaudeville act in 1923. The stooges were brothers Moe and Shemp Howard. In 1928, Larry Fine joined the Stooges, and the three later appeared in Broadway revues and films. In 1932, Shemp left the act and was replaced by brother Curly. Curly quickly became famous for his catch-phrases "Nyuk nyuk nyuk" and "Woo woo woo."
Just minutes after Ronald Reagan's inauguration as the 40th president of the United Stats on January 20, 1981, the 52 U.S. citizens held captive at the U.S. embassy in Teheran, Iran, were released. Their release ended the 444-day Iran Hostage Crisis.
On January 21, 1977, one day after his inauguration, President Jimmy Carter granted an unconditional pardon to hundreds of thousands of men who evaded the draft during the Vietnam War. Jimmy Carter was the 39th president of the United States.
The death of Queen Victoria on January 22, 1901, ended an era in which most of her British subjects knew no other monarch. Her 63-year reign, the longest in British history, saw the growth of an empire on which the sun never set. Victoria restored dignity to the English monarchy and ensured its survival as a ceremonial political institution.
Also on this day in 1973, former President Lyndon Baines Johnson died in Johnson City, Texas, at the age of 64. After leaving the White House in 1968, L.B.J. returned to his beloved home state, Texas, with his wife, Ladybird, and immersed himself in the activity dearest to him: ranching. Although ostensibly "retired," L.B.J. kept up a busy daily schedule reminiscent of his days in the White House.
On January 23, 1968, the USS Pueblo, a Navy intelligence vessel, was engaged in routine surveillance of the North Korean coast when it was intercepted by North Korean patrol boats. According to U.S. reports, the Pueblo was in international waters almost 16 miles from shore, but the North Koreans turned their guns on the lightly armed vessel and demanded its surrender. The Americans attempted to escape, and the North Koreans opened fire, wounding the commander and two others.
Canned beer made its debut on January 24, 1935. In partnership with the American Can Company, the Gottfried Krueger Brewing Company delivered 2,000 cans of Krueger's Finest Beer and Krueger's Cream Ale to faithful drinkers in Richmond, Virginia.
Russia's early-warning defense radar detected an unexpected missile launch near Norway on January 25, 1995, and Russian military command estimated the missile to be only minutes from impact on Moscow. Moments later, Russian President Boris Yeltsin, his defense minister, and his chief of staff were informed of the missile launch. Before the matter was settled, Russia came very close to launching its nuclear arsenal.
On this day on January 26, 1945, the most decorated man of WW II, American LT Audie Murphy, was wounded in France. Born the son of Texas sharecroppers on June 20, 1924, Murphy served three years of active duty, beginning as a private, rising to the rank of staff sergeant, and finally winning a battlefield commission to 2nd lieutenant. He was wounded three times, fought in nine major campaigns across Europe, and was credited with killing 241 Germans. He won 37 medals and decorations, including the Medal of Honor, the Distinguished Service Cross, the Silver Star (with oak leaf cluster), the Legion of Merit, and the Croix de Guerre (with palm).
On January 27, 1943, 8th Air Force bombers, dispatched from their bases in England, flew the first American bombing raid against the Germans, targeting the Wilhelmshaven port. Of 64 planes participating in the raid, 53 reached their target and managed to shoot down 22 German planes-and lost only three planes in return.
At 11:38 am EST, on January 28, 1986, the space shuttle Challenger lifted off from Cape Canaveral, Florida and Christa McAuliffe was on her way to becoming the first ordinary US civilian to travel into space. Seventy-three seconds later, hundreds on the ground, including Christa's family, stared in disbelief as the shuttle exploded in a forkin plume of smoke and fire. Millions more watched the wrenching tragedy unfold on live television. There were no survivors.
Edgar Allan Poe's famous poem "The Raven," beginning "Once upon a midnight dreary," was published on January 29, 1845 in the New York Evening Mirror. Then on the same day in 1964, Stanley Kubrick's black comic masterpiece, Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb opened in theaters to both critical and popular acclaim.
Perhaps the most influential musical group of all time, the Beatles made their last public performance on January 30, 1969, giving an impromptu concert on the roof of their London recording studio. Neighbors complained about noise, and police broke up the concert. John Lennon closed the performance announcing, "I'd like to say thank you very much on behalf of the group and myself and I hope we passed the audition." In April 1970, Paul McCartney formally announced the group's breakup.
U.S. President Harry S. Truman publicly announced his decision to support the development of the hydrogen bomb on January 31, 1950. This was a weapon theorized to be hundreds of times more powerful than the atomic bombs dropped on Japan during World War II.
Born on date: 12/1/1995
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